Cabourn studied fashion design at Northumbria University and began his eponymous label in the 1970s, keeping his studio and business in North East England. In 2008 he formed a joint venture, Nigel Cabourn Marketing Ltd, with Japan's Abahouse Holdings, and opened the Army Gym flagship in Tokyo in 2009.
He launched his first womenswear collection in 2013 and opened his first standalone UK flagship in Covent Garden in 2014. There are 26 Nigel Cabourn stores worldwide, including 16 in Japan and 8 in China, and he collaborated with Converse, Fred Perry, Red Wing and others.