Eugène Schueller, a French chemist, formulated and sold his own dyes to Parisian hairdressers before registering his company on 31 July 1909 — the Safe Hair Dye Company of France, which became L'Oréal. From hair colour it branched into skincare, cleansers, makeup and fragrance, growing from three chemists in 1920 to tens of thousands of employees worldwide.
Registered in Paris and headquartered in Clichy, the group has been part-owned by Nestlé since 1974 and remains tied to the founding Bettencourt family. Its 1973 slogan, "Because I'm worth it," became one of the most recognised lines in advertising.