The sole was invented by Klaus Märtens, a German army doctor who, after injuring his ankle skiing in 1945, built himself boots with air-padded soles made from tyres. He went into business with university friend Herbert Funck in 1947. In 1959 British manufacturer R. Griggs Group bought the rights, anglicised the name to Dr. Martens, added the yellow stitching, and on 1 April 1960 launched the eight-eyelet cherry-red boot known as the 1460.
The three-eyelet 1461 shoe followed a year later, and the pair remain the best-selling DMs — the BBC notes the original 1460 and 1461 still make more than half the company's revenue. Adopted by skinheads, punks and other youth subcultures from the late 1960s on, the brand is now listed on the London Stock Exchange and still makes boots at its historic Cobbs Lane factory in Wollaston, Northamptonshire.